Modelling and simulation of RLC circuits for transient and steady-state analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53704/Keywords:
RLC Circuit, ODEs, Transient and SteadyAbstract
Resistor, Inductor, Capacitor (RLC) circuits are the basis of electrical and electronic engineering, serving as the pivot for applications ranging from signal processing to filter design. Despite the widespread use of RLC circuits, many overlook a systematic, simulation-based approach, particularly one that links damping features to circuit stability and performance. Using second-order differential equations, this study models and simulates series and parallel RLC circuits, with numerical solutions implemented in MATLAB. The simulations examined transient and steady-state responses across various resistance values, revealing the behaviours of underdamped, critically damped, and overdamped systems. From this study, the critically damped systems exhibit the fastest stabilisation without oscillations, while the overdamped systems return to equilibrium more steadily and slowly. In underdamped systems, oscillations were observed before stability was reached. The findings from this study validate the theoretical predictions of second-order linear systems and demonstrate the effects of the damping system in circuit optimisation, preventing oscillations caused by voltage or current surges. This study provides a framework that bridges theoretical modelling and numerical simulation, offering practical insights for researchers and engineers involved in circuit design and analysis.
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Copyright (c) 2025 O.P. Idowu, A.A. Ibrahim, Temitope Aramide, Oketayo Oyebamiji
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